JLPT N3 grammar

〜をmeaning and usage

Meaning

  1. Over A; across A; along A
  2. A is the direct object of a transitive verb
  3. Marks place of departure A
  4. Shows state A
  5. Shows the cause A of the subject's emotions

How to form it

  • nounをverb
  • nounを渡る/通る/歩く
  • nounを出る/降りる
  • nounを喜ぶ/悲しむ

How it is used

Besides marking the direct object, 「を」 marks the route of a movement (「道を歩く」), the place left (「家を出る」), the circumstances (「雨の中を出かける」) and the cause of a feeling (「合格を喜ぶ」). Destinations take 「に」 or 「へ」.

Examples

  1. 小川を歩いて渡った。

    I crossed the small stream by foot.

  2. 毎朝七時に家を出ます。

    I leave the house at seven every morning.

  3. 家族はみんな、私の合格を喜んでくれた。

    My whole family was happy that I'd passed.