JLPT N4 grammar

Potential: meaning and usage

Meaning

  1. Can A; be able to A (ability of the subject)
  2. Can A; be possible to A (possibility of the subject to do A)

How to form it

  • verb (potential form)
  • する → できる/来る → 来られる
  • nounがverb (potential form)

How it is used

U-verbs change the last sound to the e-row and add 「る」 (「書ける」); ru-verbs replace 「る」 with 「られる」; 「する」 becomes 「できる」. The object often takes 「が」. Casual speech often says 「見れる」, but formal use keeps 「見られる」.

Examples

  1. この謎は解けない!もう、諦める!

    I can't solve this riddle. I give up!

  2. 私は日本語が少し話せます。

    I can speak a little Japanese.

  3. この店では夜十時まで食べられます。

    You can eat at this restaurant until ten at night.