JLPT N5 vocabulary
有る: meaning, reading and conjugation
Reading and pitch accent
ある1Atamadaka · high start
Godan verb (u-verb)
Meaning
- to be, exist, be present (usually of things)
- to have
- to be located
- to be equipped with
- to happen, occur
- to be alive (of a person, e.g. 世にある)
Conjugation
The negative of ある is ない.
| Form | Affirmative | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Basics | ||
| Plain present辞書形 · ない形 | 有る | ない |
| Plain pastた形 · なかった形 | 有 | なかった |
| Polite presentます形 | 有 | 有 |
| Polite pastました形 | 有 | 有 |
| Te-formて形 | 有 | なくて |
| Conditions and moods | ||
| If (-ba)ば形 | 有 | なければ |
| If / when (-tara)たら形 | 有 | なかったら |
| Let’s / will意向形 | 有 | —not in common use |
| Want toたい形 | —not in common use | —not in common use |
| Command / don’t命令形 · 禁止形 | 有 | —not in common use |
| Can · passive · causative | ||
| Can (potential)可能形 | —not in common use | —not in common use |
| Passive受身形 | —not in common use | —not in common use |
| Make / let使役形 | —not in common use | —not in common use |
| Be made to使役受身形 | —not in common use | —not in common use |
Example sentences
桃がまだ4個ある。
There are still four peaches.
日本には富士山がある。
Mt. Fuji is in Japan.
テーブルにりんごがある。
There is an apple on the table.