JLPT N2 grammar

〜を始め/を始めとする: meaning and usage

Meaning

For example, A; Starting with A

How to form it

  • nounをはじめ(として)
  • nounをはじめとするnoun
  • nounをはじめとしたnoun

How it is used

Names A as the leading or most typical example, then others of the same kind: 'starting with A', 'including A', as in 「校長をはじめ、先生方」. More formal than 「〜など」 and puts A forward as the main one. Often written in hiragana.

Examples

  1. 日本には漢字を始め、 数学など、 たくさんの能力試験があります。

    In Japan, there are a lot of proficiency exams including kanji, mathematics, etc.

  2. 社長をはじめ、社員全員がパーティーに参加した。

    Everyone in the company, starting with the president, came to the party.

  3. この地方は、りんごをはじめとする果物の産地として有名だ。

    This region is known for growing fruit, apples above all.