JLPT N2 grammar
〜関わらず/関わりなく: meaning and usage
Meaning
- Even though A
- Regardless of A; without relation to A
How to form it
- verb (plain form)/い-adjectiveにもかかわらず
- noun/な-adjective (stem)(である)にもかかわらず
- nounにかかわらず/かかわりなく
- verb (dictionary form)verb (nai-form)にかかわらず
How it is used
Two uses: 「にもかかわらず」, 'despite A', more formal than 「〜のに」 and common in writing; and noun + 「にかかわらず / かかわりなく」, 'regardless of A', where A varies (weather, age) or is a pair like 「する・しない」.
Examples
友達は約束したにもかかわらず空港へ迎えに来てくれなかった。
Although my friend promised to pick me up at the airport, they didn't come.
この店の料金は、曜日にかかわらず同じです。
This shop charges the same whatever the day of the week.
平日にもかかわらず、店は客でいっぱいだった。
Even though it was a weekday, the shop was packed with customers.