JLPT N4 grammar

〜ずにmeaning and usage

Meaning

Without A..ing

This point is also listed at N3.

How to form it

  • verb (nai-form without ない)ずに
  • する → せずに

How it is used

Means the same as 「〜ないで」, doing B without doing A, but sounds more formal and written. 「する」 becomes 「せずに」. Everyday conversation usually uses 「〜ないで」.

Examples

  1. ノックをせずに私の部屋に入ってくるな。

    Don't come into my room without knocking.

  2. 今朝は朝ご飯を食べずに家を出ました。

    This morning I left home without eating breakfast.

  3. 連絡せずに休むのは、よくないですよ。

    It's not good to take a day off without letting anyone know.